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Major
Facilities
Instrumental Facilities
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer
(AAS), Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICPOES),
Direct Reading Spectrograph (DRS), N2 - O2 Determinator, H2
Determinator, UV-VIS Spectrophotometer, High Performance Liquid
and Ion Chromatograph (HPLC/IC), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF),
Stripping Absorption Voltameter C& S Simultaneous Analyser, Proximate Analyser.
Analyser Atomic Absorption
Spectrophotometer (AAS)
Make : GBC, Automatic Model :(1) 908 BT & (2) AVANTA
Atomic Absorption Spectrometer is a versatile analytical equipment capable
of analysis about 50 elements.
ANC Division of NML has about 44 hollow cathode lamps and
the instruments are equipped with Graphite Furnace and hydride generator
facility.
With the help of graphite furnace it is possible to
determine most of the elements at sub - ppm level and with the help of
Hydride generator it is possible to determine hydride forming elements like
As, Bi, Pb, Se, Te etc. at ppb level.
Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical
Emission Spectrometry (ICPOES)
Make : Shimadzu and VARIAN Model : ICPS - 1000 III, Liberty
Series II This is a 1 or dual grating (back to back) at 3160 gr/mm and 1800
gr/mm grating spectrograph. Here the sample is aspirated into the plasma
zone at a high temperature of about 10000 K. the emission is measured
sequentially for analyte at lower wavelength to analytes at higher
wavelengths. The instruments are calibrated with standards before measuring
the unknown samples. About 70 elements can be analysed with the help of this
equipment for ppm to % level.
Direct Reading Spectrograph (DRS)
Make : Shimadzu Corporation, Japan Model : GVM-1014P. This
is a simultaneous type polychromator Spectrograph with as many as 45
channels with 34 elements. Simultaneously 32 elements can be measured in a
sample. Here the sample is sputtered with the spark source and the emission
are measured with the help of 45 photomultiplier tube place against factory
cut slit positioned at individual Bragg angle. The configuration of the
spectrometer is Pachen-Runge mounting with the Ronald circle giving adequate
resolution.
The instrument also attached with an ICP source to take care
of the dissolved samples.
O2/N2 Determinator:
Make : LECO Corporation, USA. Model : TC 436 O2 and N2 in
metal can be determine by this equipment by fusing the sample in an impulse
furnace eluting the O2 and N2 present in the sample which is kept in a
graphite crucible. Eluted O2 converts in to CO2 and is measured in an IR
Cell. N2 is determined in a TCD bridge. The instrument is calibrated before
measuring the Sample.
H2 Determinator:
Make : LECO Corporation, USA. Model : HF 402 Residual H2
present in metals can be determined by this equipment by fusing the sample
and measuring the evolved H2 in a TCD bridge.
UV-Vis Spectrophotometer
Make: Shimadzu Corporation, Japan Model: UV-Vis 2100 This is
the Double beam Spectrophotometer, covering wavelength range from UV to
Visible (180-800nm). A colour complex of the analyte is developed after
suppressing of all the interfering elements and the calibration curve is
drawn with the help of known concentration of elements at the desired
wavelength. The unknown sample is measured against this working curve.
Concentration is taken to deduct blank absorption both in the working curve
as well as unknown. This model has a sipper unit attachment to study the
kinetics of the chemical reactions. The software also supports derivative
colorimetric measurements.
High Performance Liquid and Ion
Chromatograph (HPLC/IC)
Make: Metrohm, Switzerland Model: This equipment can analyse,
cations, anions and organic pollutants in water. This is dual pump binary
gradient system with conductivity detector, UV-Visible detector,
electrochemical detector,
This equipment can carry out speciation of arsenic,
chromium, and manganese in water.
XRF Spectrometer:
Make : Philips, Holland, Brukker, Germany. Model : PW 1404
and SRS3400 The samples (solid) are either palletised or fusion bead
prepared. Secondary X -Ray emissions are measured in this equipment. XRF
Spectrometer is useful to determine major contents but can go down to ppm
level analysis as well.
The equipment is WL dispersive equipment and is sequential
in nature.
C and S Simultaneous determinator:
Make : LECO Corporation. Model : CS 444 C and S in metals
can simultaneously be determined with this equipment. The equipment is
fitted with an induction furnace where the samples are burnt in presence of
O2. The C and S of the steel are converted to CO2 and SO2, which are
measured in the IR Cell.
The equipment is calibrated with known standards before
measuring the sample.
Proximate Analyser:
Make : LECO Corporation., USA. Model : MAC 500 19 coal
samples can be loaded on to this equipment for the determination of moisture
content, volatile and fixed carbon.
The instrument can be programmed to measure any one of the
above mentioned parameter or all depending on the need of the scientists.
This is a totally automated system and once programmed, it stops the
analysis only after the completion of the programmed analysis.
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